Anthropological impacts determine the soil fungal distribution of Mediterranean oak stands

Quercus pyrenaica-dominated forests are very widely distributed in Mediterranean ecosystems. Traditional forest use, such as coppicing to obtain firewood or livestock grazing under silvopastoral systems, and the current social abandonment of rural environment have given rise structures different ages at stages development. Thus, on one hand, there large areas Q. pyrenaica coppice systems that produce a amount biomass high risk driving fires. On other dehesas, which low tree density composed old trees susceptible types environmental stress serious regeneration problems weak phytosanitary status. In addition, previous studies suggested production economically valuable edible mushrooms is negatively impacted by silvicultural management. To determine effects land management these ecosystems, we analyzed soil fungal communities associated with stands (i.e., high-density coppice), low-density received 15 years ago reduce wildfire), dehesas) assess their potential ecological roles conservation diversity mushrooms. We also edaphic variables (carbon, pH carbon/nitrogen ratio) understand dynamics communities. observed two distinguishable communities: pathogen-, parasite-, endophyte-dominated dehesas saprotroph- ectomycorrhizal (ECM)-dominated stands, mixed composition stands. ECM fungi correlated stand age structure, showing higher richness levels particularly short hyphal exploration type. Finally, influence structure due significantly affected variety some genera, Boletus, Tuber Terfezia.